Leadership Management of the Virgin Group free essay sample

Musicals essays

Musicals papers Initially an interruption from the abhorrences of war during the 1940s and 1950s, the American Musical developed in ubiquity all through the twentieth century. The melodic joins acting, moving, and singing to frame strong pictures that are as yet loved today. The melodic requires a collective exertion between all components of the film, regardless of whether melodic or not. The verses, music, and move need to order with the plot, impacts, and portrayal to make a film worth viewing. Stars of the American Musical must have the option to act, sing, and regularly move, so as to get a section in a film. Musicals should consistently speak to a scope of individuals, from a 5-year-old to a 85-year-old, to ensure watchers. The melodic consistently has snappy cheery tunes or moderate numbers that the audience can chime in to, which gives progressively mass intrigue. A portion of the more typical topics in melodic performance center incorporate sentimentality, the Cinderella story, authenticity, and adjustments of writing. The wistfulness topic is found in Oklahoma!, Carousel, and Showboat. The Cinderella story is spoken to by The King and I, The Sound of Music, and My Fair Lady. Authenticity can be seen in Annie Get Your Gun, The Unsinkable Molly Brown, and Newsies, which were totally founded on real occasions from an earlier time. A few musicals that depend on writing incorporate The Phantom of the Opera, Jesus Christ Superstar, Jekyll The American Musical has experienced numerous progressions since turning into a mainstream film type. Early musicals were American renditions of the English Operetta, for example, The Student Prince. After this, certifiable American Musicals were made, for example, Annie Get Your Gun and Porgy and Bess. At that point came practical musicals, for example, South Pacific and Camelot, which were musicals with subjects that the vast majority could identify with in light of the fact that they were progressively trustworthy, or in reality obvious stories. Before long, even more up to date ways to deal with the American Musical were created ... <!

How Bankruptcy Leads to Bad Credit

How Bankruptcy Leads to Bad Credit How Bankruptcy Leads to Bad Credit How Bankruptcy Leads to Bad CreditFiling for bankruptcy doesn’t always lead to bad credit, but only if your credit is very bad to begin with.There are many, many different ways that you can lower your credit score. You can take out too much debt, especially high-interest credit card debt. You can also pay bills late or not pay them at all. And the more frequently that happens, the worse your score gets.A lot of these behaviors can also lead you to file for bankruptcy. This is a legal process wherein a person (or business) admits that they cant pay all of their debts. The process allows them to settle those debts with their creditors (aka, the parties to whom they owe money), oftentimes for less than what they actually owe.However, filing for bankruptcy isn’t all sunshine and debt-free kitty cats. It can mean losing your house, car, or other valuable property. It can also mean having a portion of your income earmarked for debt repayment.And then there’s what it does to your cred it score…In short, it’s not great.The only way bankruptcy wouldn’t hurt your score is if high debt load and late payments have hurt it badly  already.Think about it like this: If the kinds of financial problems that cause bad credit are a train ride, then bankruptcy is the final stop on the line.How bankruptcy affects your score“Bankruptcy does negatively affect a credit score at first, but less so as time increases from the filing date, says Randall R. Saxton (@SaxtonLaw), founder of Saxton Law, PLLC. “However, for individuals who already have negative items on their credit report, the initial drop is not as much as it would be for someone with excellent credit that files a bankruptcy petition, which could range from 160â€"220 points.”A drop of 160â€"220 points could be enough to take you from a great score to a downright bad one.According to Tracy Becker (@tracybecker), President and CEO of North Shore Advisory, Inc, a leading credit restoration, education and monitori ng company, the fact that bankruptcy could so drastically lower a high score, “is one reason it is so important for an individual to be aware of their credit scores, so they can make an educated decision before moving forward with a bankruptcy.”On the other hand, someone whose score is already quite low would have little to lose, credit-wise from filing for bankruptcy.“Many individuals do not realize that by having many late payments, collections, and defaults, their score may be almost as low as they would be if a bankruptcy occurred, says Becker.“Once they find out their credit is already poor they can move forward with the bankruptcy process with an understanding that their scores will not see a tremendous impact.”When it comes to bankruptcy affecting a person’s score, one overlooked factor is the number of accounts that are included in the filing.According to Saxo, “An individual who has fewer accounts with amounts owed will have less of a drop than someone with ma ny accounts.”The different kinds of bankruptcy Before we moving on, we should talk about the different kinds of bankruptcy.Chapter 7: This is the simplest and least expensive form of bankruptcy, but that simplicity comes with a price. Under Chapter 7, a person can quickly discharge their debts by surrendering their assets: aka, their car, their house, and other valuables. Those assets are then used to compensate creditors.Chapter 13: Under this form of bankruptcy, a person repays all or part of their debts according to a repayment planâ€"a plan that cannot last longer than five years. The bankruptcy court must approve the repayment plan before it begins, and the debtor actually makes their payments directly to the court, who then pays the creditors in return. In order to qualify for Chapter 13, a debtor must meet certain income and debt-load requirements.Chapter 11: This is a form of bankruptcy that’s most commonly used by corporations and businesses. However, it can be used by individuals as well. Chapter 11 involves a restructuring and reorganization of a person’s debt and assets. It is much more complicatedâ€"and thus much more expensiveâ€"than either Chapter 7 or Chapter 13. It can allow for a debtor to repay their creditors over time according to a court-approved repayment plan and can be a good option for someone who does not qualify for Chapter 13.When it comes to your credit score, the main difference between these Chapters 11, 7 and 13 comes down to how long they will affect your score.How long does a bankruptcy hurt your score?“All personal bankruptcy types have a major impact on scores (unless they are already poor). Some bankruptcies remain on credit for seven years while others remain for ten,” says Becker.All the accounts that are included in the bankruptcy are marked as such on a credit report.  They do not disappear once the bankruptcy is finalized and they can remain for seven years. Every year from the date of the original delinquen cy (bankruptcy) scores will improve but not dramatically.“Usually after the first 5â€"6 years from the bankruptcy, credit scores are impacted minimally,” she says.But when it comes to just how long a bankruptcy can affect your credit, the type of bankruptcy filing does make a difference.According to Becker, “Chapters 7 and 11 remain on a person’s credit report for ten years, regardless of whether it was discharged or dismissed.” She also says that Chapter 13 bankruptcies “can remain on file for ten years from the date filed but, if discharged, will remain on file for seven years from the date filed.”“Debts remain active during a Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan, which lasts between three and five years,” says Saxton.“Thus, the removal of discharged debts from the credit report which occurs after seven years can take three to five years longer for a Chapter 13 bankruptcy than a Chapter 7 bankruptcy.”However, while the effect on your score might become minimal, the ban kruptcy filing itself still remains on your credit report.After seven years, items such as debts, judgments, and foreclosures that were discharged by the bankruptcy are removed. However, the record that a bankruptcy was filed remains on the credit report for ten years,” says Saxton.This means that a lender who pulls your credit report during a loan application might still be wary of lending to youâ€"or might insist on raising your interest ratesâ€"even if your credit score has recovered.How can you improve your score post-bankruptcy? “To improve your credit after a bankruptcy a person can apply for specific cards that gear towards those with poor or no credit,” says Becker. “These cards are “secured credit cards”.   Its important to make sure the credit issuer reports the history to the credit bureaus.”“Once they gain approval they need to use the card responsibly. After using the card for a year they can check their scores and see how they have increased. At that po int, they may have access to approvals on better non-secured cards. They can build upon their responsible use of the new credit and time passing.   At the third year seeking out a highly qualified credit expert for advice on credit improvement can also help boost the scores prior to the five or six year wait,” she says.“If consumers file for bankruptcy due to mismanagement of finances they should learn from the mistakes they made that led to the problems and set up a budget/financial plan that will help them to rebuild their financial standing.”Do you have a story about how you recovered from bankruptcy? Wed love to hear about it! Let us know on Twitter at @OppLoans.Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedINContributorsTracy Becker is the President and CEO of North Shore Advisory, Inc., a leading Credit Restoration, Education and Monitoring Company specializing in Business Personal Credit Services. Tracy is a FICO Certified Professional Expert Credit Witness, she has been improving both consumer and business credit as well as educating professionals and individuals for almost thirty years. North Shore Advisory has helped thousands of businesses and individuals to have the most opportunity and savings great credit can offer.Randall R. Saxton (@SaxtonLaw) is the founder of Saxton Law, PLLC, and practices in the areas of bankruptcy, tax, business formation, and estate planning. Randall also serves as the JAG for the Mississippi State Guard, President of the State Guard Association, as a Director of the Madison Chamber of Commerce, and is the author of the fictional thriller, Red Sky Warning. He does volunteer work as a Mediator for the Jackson Municipal Court and as an Emergency Response Team member.

My Personal Philosophy Of Teaching Essay - 2163 Words

PERSONAL PHILOSOPHY OF TEACHING First and foremost, I believe that the task of every teacher is to provide a safe and stimulating environment that fosters learning and development intellectually, emotionally, physically and socially. My personal philosophy of teaching is largely based on the idea of student-centred learning. I believe that students have just a big role to play in the learning process as a teacher, and with that, comes the need for collaboration between students and teachers. I firmly believe in the importance of making learning both relevant and meaningful to students. In my personal experience, it is much more effective when students are given real world connections and hands-on examples, particularly when it comes to making abstract concepts more concrete. If students do not find use in what they are learning, they become disengaged and do not regard it worthy of their time and effort. For example, one of my teaching methods, English, is important for al students, be it writing a resume, filling out application forms and composing essays, reports and presentations. In my teaching, I aim to provide students with clear objectives and convey how my lessons are relevant to their lives and futures. Additionally, I am a proponent of active learning and using a variety of methods to foster learning. As an educator, it is important for me to recognise that all students learn in different ways and respond with suitable instruction and assessment. It is myShow MoreRelatedMy Teaching Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Teaching932 Words   |  4 Pages This is my personal philosophy of teaching. This is my belief about teaching and learning and how I will put my beliefs into classroom practices. First and foremost, the purpose of education is to educate students so that they can be ready for the real world. It should prepare students for life, work, and citizenship. To do this, education should teach one to think creatively and productively. In addition to preparing students for the real world, all students should be able to read and comprehendRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching797 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosphy of Teaching The the purpose of this paper is to identify/describe and discuss my personal philosophy teaching. As I describe my theory of learning I will talk about experiences that have affected me. As well as identify areas of pedagogy that have influenced my personal philosophy. I will then describe how my philosophy teaching guide my teaching style. Personal Experinces My personal philosophy of teaching has its foundations in my experiences as a student. These experiences as aRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching895 Words   |  4 PagesMy philosophy of teaching is that every child should be treated equal and should have the right to learn and get a good quality education. Every child has the ability to learn. It is my job as a teacher to make sure that every student has a chance to learn while in my classroom. My classroom will be based on multicultural education. This will create an equal learning opportunity for all my students. I will treat all of my students equally and with respect no matter what kind of diversity I may haveRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching Essay2027 Words   |  9 PagesMy Teaching Philosophy Teaching is a career that takes patience, passion, and desire. Since I was about ten years old, my passion has resided in teaching, specifically special education teaching. When my aunt adopted my twin cousins and found out they were autistic, I never would have expected the hard road she would have to go down in terms of their education. My motivation to teach has always been and always will be my cousins. Without them, I would have never found the desire and love I haveRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching Essay2022 Words   |  9 PagesTeaching is a career that takes patience, passion, and desire. Since I was about ten years old, my passion has resided in teaching, specifically special education teaching. When my aunt adopted my twin cousins and found out they were autistic, I never would have expected the hard road she would have to go down in terms of their education. My motivation to teach has always been and always will be my cousins. Without them, I would have never f ound the desire and love I have for special education childrenRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching1779 Words   |  8 PagesTeaching in the modern classroom presents challenges many previous educators have not been faced with. The Melbourne Declaration of Educational Goals for Young Australians (Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs [MCEETYA], 2008) states that today are students will become â€Å"successful learners, confident and creative individuals, and active and informed citizens†. In order for educators to meet these demands, they will need to consider how they will prepare studentsRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Teaching3307 Words   |  14 PagesSECTION 1: Teacher Identity Write your Personal Philosophy of Teaching based upon your reading and learning in this unit. Refer to aspects including: attributes of an effective teacher, student engagement and motivation, catering for diversity (500 –800 words). Teaching as a profession is not easy; teachers must offer the highest level of care and education to all students in an encouraging and positive environment every single day. This can be done by creating a feeling of acceptance and sense ofRead MoreMy Personal Statement On Teaching Philosophy881 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy Why I Am Here†¦ I am here to help my students become their best self. I am here to help my students in their education and to help them become better people and citizens. As a teacher, my goal is to help my students succeed in any way I can. I became a teacher because teaching gives me a chance to help kids grow and develop a love for learning, instead of a loathing for school. I want to be a teacher because I want to make a difference. I will make a positive impact on my student’sRead MorePersonal Experience: My Teaching Philosophy2434 Words   |  10 PagesTeaching Philosophy My philosophy of teaching is deeply rooted in nurturing the potential each and every student in my classes. Providing a creative environment that allows self assessment, growth, group interaction and mentorship are at its very core. Having taught in Higher Education for many years, and as an instructor of Media Arts and Animation, and Game Design, I have had the amazing opportunity to work with some of the brightest and creative young professionals. Teaching has not onlyRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy On Teaching And Implementing A Pbss Over The Last Five Weeks Essay1082 Words   |  5 Pageshave been fortunate enough to further my understanding of an administrator s role in developing and implementing a PBSS over the last five weeks. In gaining a broader depth of knowledge from a leadership perspective, I am learning the responsibilities and grit it takes to succeed in a larger role. During this research driven study, I have discovered the many facets that create a positive le arning environments for learning. An area that I have focused most of my energy on is, creating a desirable school

Juvenile Justice System And For Reducing Juvenile Crime Rates

I. INTRODUCTION Regardless of what nation an individual resides in, certain issues are universally important. Examples include crime, economics, education, family, healthcare, homelessness, poverty, and many others. The United States is now the world leader in its rate of incarceration. Over the past 25 years, juvenile crime has skyrocketed, with drug crimes, gang violence, school shootings, and other violent acts being regularly featured in the news. During the past 10 years, nearly all 50 states have overhauled their juvenile justice laws, allowing more youths to be tried as adults. However, in addressing crime, there must be an effective balance between deterrence, prevention, and punishment. This paper analyzes the juvenile justice system and the effectiveness of sentencing alternatives like juvenile detention centers and shelters. Part II details the history of the juvenile justice system. In Part III, sentencing alternatives like sentencing alternatives like juvenile det ention centers and shelters are examined. Lastly, this paper concludes with suggestions for improving the juvenile justice system and for reducing juvenile crime rates. II. HISTORY OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM Prior to the twentieth century, there were no significant differences between the way adult criminals and juvenile offenders were treated by the criminal justice system. Early prisons housed adults, juveniles, men, women, sane and insane, all together. (â€Å"CJCJ: Intro to California’sShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency And Juvenile Criminal Justice System1475 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Juvenile delinquency is an ever growing issue in the United States, according to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, â€Å"In 2012, there were 3,941 arrests for every 100,000 youths ages 10 through 17 in the United States† (OJJDP, 2014). The way juveniles are treated in the criminal justice system is very different than the way adults are. In 1899, in Cook County, Illinois, the first juvenile justice system in the country was founded. This established an alternativeRead MoreJuvenile Crime Has Become More Valuable Members Of Society?938 Words   |  4 PagesIn recent decades, juvenile crime has become somewhat of a controversy due to the young age and immaturity of these criminals. Incidences of juvenile crime skyrocketed in the 1980s and 1990s, and policymakers pushed for laws that sent children as young as thirteen years old to trial, and even made them eligible for prison sentences. The general public has expressed a common desire to reduce the incide nce of juvenile crime and find effective legislation to discipline these youths, but there are questionsRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Delinquency1322 Words   |  6 PagesVersion). Juvenile crime, in law, term denoting various offense committed by children or youth under the age of 18. U.S. official crime reported that in the mid-1900’s â€Å"about one-fifth of all persons arrested for crimes were under the age of 18† (Funk Wagnalls, 2014). Such acts are sometimes referred to as juvenile delinquency (Funk Wagnalls, 2014. Offering constructive programs reduces juvenile delinquency and reduces recidivism. â€Å"From the beginning, the principal consideration of the juvenile courtsRead MoreJuvenile Justice Capstone Proposal Essays608 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Criminal Justice Capstone Project Proposal The juvenile justice system can be dated back to the late 18th and early 19th century. Youths were confined to jails with mentally ill and hardened criminals because there were no other alternatives for them. Many of these youths were in these institutions for non-violent offenses. During this same time, many American cities had to find a solution to the overwhelming rate of child neglect. Today, there is still much debate about the well-being of youthsRead MoreJuvenile Justice Systems833 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Juvenile crime is a term around the world that is difficult to pinpoint and although there are several definitions many fail to be concrete. There are many factors that play into sentencing juveniles or minors upon a crime committed. How old are they? Can they mentally form criminal intent? Are they old enough to no longer be treated as children? Some people would argue that a criminal is just that, regardless of age. Research on the other hand shows that juveniles have underdevelopedRead MoreDisproportionate Minority Contact739 Words   |  3 Pagesdisproportionately represented throughout juvenile justice systems in nearly every state in the nation. Disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in juvenile justice occurs when minority youth come into contact with the system at a higher rate than their white counterparts. African-Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Pacific Islanders and Native Americans comprise a combined one-third of the nations youth population. Yet they account for over t wo-thirds of the youth in secure juvenile facilities (Armour Hammond,Read MoreJustice : Age Or Actions?1643 Words   |  7 PagesJustice: Age or Actions? In our society, a juvenile is eligible to vote at the age of 18, allowed to drive in some states at the age of 16, and permitted to drink at the age of 21. Therefore, it is logical to determine that a juvenile under the age of eighteen is mature enough to be charged as an adult when they commit violent crimes (Chiou, 131). According to the Justice Department, about ten percent of homicides occurring in the United States are committed by juveniles under the age of eighteenRead MoreThe Crime Of Juvenile Offenders1256 Words   |  6 Pagescontinues to rise (and extremely much higher rates in the 2000’s) that portions of juvenile offenders commit most of the chronic, and violent, crimes of juvenile offenders. In a study conducted by Philadelphia birth cohort (Figlio, Wolfgang, Sellin, 1972) found that these â€Å"chronic offenders† (including having five or more police contact activities) in whole, constituted six percent of the cohort, and a rising figure of 18 percent of all delinquents. The juvenile offenders were again responsible for theRead MoreThe Impact of Gender and Family on Juvenile Delinquency in the United States888 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile delinquency is of great concern in the United States. In 2007 over 2 million arrests were juveniles. There are two types of juvenile delinquency. The first type of offense is a behavior that would be a criminal violation for an adult. The other offense is called a â€Å"status† offense. Status offenses are delinquent actions that do not apply to adults, like running away and truancy. This paper will discuss the impact of gender and family on delinquency and the treatment by gender in the juvenileRead MoreThe High Incarceration Rate Of Juveniles1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe high incarceration rate of juveniles is a significant social problem that affects society as a whole as well as the youth’s individual welfare and developmental trajectory. Adolescents who are incarcerated in th e juvenile justice system face a multitude of negative lifelong implications. The history of incarcerating youth in residential facilities such as juvenile halls, camps, ranches or group homes as a consequence for committing crimes has a deep-rooted history in the United States. â€Å"For more

Night World Witchlight Chapter 14 Free Essays

string(81) " for sending me away, but I always wished I could have told her how sorry I was\." Keller put her hands to her face. At first, she didn’t recognize what was happening to her. Then she realized that she was crying. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Witchlight Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She was shaking, Raksha Keller who wasn’t afraid of anyone and who never let her heart be touched. She was making those ridiculous little noises that sounded like a six-week-old kitten. She was dripping tears through her fingers. The worst thing was that she couldn’t seem to make herself stop. Then she felt Galen’s arms around her, and she realized that he was crying, too. He was better at it than she was. He seemed more used to it and didn’t fight it as hard, which made him stronger. He was able to stroke her hair and even to get some words out. â€Å"Keller, I’m sorry. Keller†¦ can I call you Raksha?† Keller shook her head furiously, spraying teardrops. â€Å"I always think of you as Keller, anyway. It’s just-you, somehow. I’m sorry about all of this. I didn’t mean to make you cry. It would be better if you’d never met me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Keller found herself shaking her head again. And then, just as she had the last time, she felt her arms moving to hold him back. She pressed her face against the softness of his sweatshirt, trying to get enough control of herself to speak. This was the problem with having walls so hard and high and unscalable, she supposed. When they came down, they crumbled completely, shattering into nothingness. She felt utterly defenseless right now. Unguarded†¦ vulnerable†¦ but not alone. She could feel more than Galen’s physical presence. She could feel his spirit, and she was being pulled toward it. They were falling together, falling into each other, as they had in the library. Closer and closer†¦ Contact. She felt the touch of his mind, and once again her heart almost exploded. You’re the one. You’re my soulmate, his mental voice said, as if this were an entirely new idea, and he was just discovering it and rejoicing in it. Keller reached for denial, but it simply wasn’t around. And she couldn’t pretend to someone who shared her thoughts. When I first saw you, he said, I was so fascinated by you. I already told you this, didn’t I? It made me proud to be a shapeshifter for the first time. Aren’t you proud? Keller was disconcerted. She still wasn’t finished crying-but, yes, she was. With his warmth and passion shining into her, his arms locked around her, his mind open to her†¦ it was hard not to get swept up in it. I guess I’m proud, she thought to him slowly. But only of some parts of it. Other things†¦ What things? he demanded, almost fiercely protective. Our history? The dragons? No. Stuff you wouldn’t understand Things about-animal nature. Even now, Keller was afraid of letting him see some parts of her. Leave it alone, Galen. All he said was, Tell me. No. It happened a long time ago, when I was three. Just be glad you get to pick what kind of animal you’ll become. Keller, he said. Please. You don’t like animal nature, she told him. Remember how you pulled your hand away when you touched my shoulder in the music room? In the†¦ ? His mental voice trailed off, and Keller waited grimly to feel the memory of disgust in him. But what came wasn’t revulsion. Instead, it was a strong sense of longing that he was somehow trying to smother. And choked, wry laughter. Keller, I didn’t pull away because I didn’t like your fur. I did it because . . He hesitated, then burst out, sounding embarrassed, I wanted to pet you! Pet†¦ ? Your fur was so soft, and it felt so good when I moved my palm the wrong way against it-just like velvet. And-I wanted to-to do this. He ran a hand up and down her back. I couldn’t help it. But I knew it wasn’t exactly appropriate, and you would probably break my jaw if I tried it. So I took my hand away. He finished, still embarrassed, but half laughing. Now, you tell me what you’re not proud of. Keller felt very warm, and she was sure her face was flushed. It was just as well that it was hidden. It was too bad-there was probably never going to be a time to tell him that she wouldn’t mind being petted like that†¦ I’m a cat, after all, she thought, and was distantly surprised to hear him chuckle. There were no secrets in this kind of soul-link, she realized, slightly flustered. To cover her embarrassment, she spoke out loud. â€Å"The thing I’m not proud of-it happened when I was living with my first Circle Daybreak family. I used to spend a lot of time in my half-and-half form. It was easy for me to get stuck that way, and they didn’t mind.† I wouldn’t, either, Galen said. You’re beautiful like that. â€Å"Anyway, I was sitting on my foster mother’s lap while she was combing my hair, and I don’t know what happened, but something startled me. Some loud noise outside, maybe a car backfiring. I jumped straight up and tried to race for my hiding place under the desk.† Keller paused, made herself take an even breath. She felt Galen’s arms tighten around her. â€Å"And then-well, my foster mother tried to hold on to me, to keep me from being frightened. But all I could think of was danger, danger. So I lashed out at her. I used my claws-I have retractable claws in that form. I would have done anything to get away.† She paused again. It was so hard to tell this. â€Å"She had to go to the hospital. I forget how many stitches she needed in her face. But I remember everything else-being taken to another foster family because that one couldn’t handle me. I didn’t blame them for sending me away, but I always wished I could have told her how sorry I was. You read "Night World : Witchlight Chapter 14" in category "Essay examples"† There was a silence. Keller could feel Galen breathing, and that gave her an odd sense of comfort. Then he said quietly, out loud, â€Å"That’s all?† Keller started, then lifted her head a little and made herself answer the same way. â€Å"Isn’t it enough?† â€Å"Keller†¦ you were just a baby. You didn’t mean to do any harm; it was an accident. You can’t blame yourself.† â€Å"I do blame myself. If I hadn’t been taken over by my instinct-â€Å" â€Å"That’s ridiculous. Human babies do stupid things all the time. What if a human three-year-old falls into a swimming pool and somebody drowns trying to rescue her? Would you blame the baby?† Keller hesitated, then rested her head on his shoulder again. â€Å"Don’t be silly.† â€Å"Then how can you blame yourself for something you couldn’t help?† Keller didn’t answer, but she felt as if a crushing load was sliding slowly off her. He didn’t blame her. Maybe she wasn’t to blame. She would always be sorry, but maybe she didn’t need to be so ashamed. She tightened her own arms around him. Thank you, she thought. Oh, Keller. You’re so wonderful, and you’re so set against admitting it. Everything you do†¦ shines. Keller couldn’t form any words for a moment. Then she said, Galen? When you do choose a form, choose something gentle. I thought you thought everybody has to be a fitter, he said, and his mental voice was very quiet. Some people shouldn’t have to be. Then she just let him hold her. Another endless time, while they both seemed to be floating in soft, gold fire. It flared around them and through them, joining them. Sometimes she could hardly tell which thoughts were his and which were hers. He said, I used to write poetry, you know. Or try. My parents hated it; they were so embarrassed. Instead of learning to be a good hunter, their son was writing gibberish. She said, There’s this terrible dream I have, where I look out at the ocean and see a wall of water hundreds of feet high, and I know it’s coming and I can never get away in time. Cats and water, you know. I guess that’s why. He said, I used to daydream about what kind of animal it would be most fun to be. But it always came down to the same thing, some kind of bird. You just can’t beat flying. She said, One thing I always had to hide from my foster mothers was how much I liked to shred things. I thought I was being so clever when I would hide their panty hose after I used my claws on them. But when I did it on the sheer curtains one day, everybody knew. They talked and talked. And Keller gave herself up to it, to the simple pleasure of his closeness and the feeling that for once she didn’t have to hide or pretend or defend herself. It was such a blessed relief not to have to pretend at all. Galen knew her, and he accepted her. All of her. He loved herself, not her black swirling hair or her long legs or the curve of her lips. He might admire those things, but he loved her, what she was inside. And he loved her with a sweetness and a power that shook Keller to her soul. She wanted to stay like this forever. There was something else waiting for them, though. Something she didn’t want to think about but that loomed just outside the brightness and warmth that surrounded them. The world†¦ there’s still a world out there. And it’s in trouble. And we can’t ignore that. Galen. I know. Very slowly, very reluctantly, Galen straightened, putting her away from him. He couldn’t seem to let go of her shoulders, though. They sat that way, their eyes locked. And the strange thing was that the mental connection wasn’t broken. They could still hear each other as they held each other’s gaze. We can never be like this again, Keller said. I know. He had faced it as clearly as she had, she realized. We can’t talk about it; we can’t even be alone together. It isn’t fair to Uiana. And we have to try to forget each other and just go on. I know, he said for the third time. And just when Keller was marveling at his quiet acceptance, she saw tears in his gem-colored eyes. Keller, it’s my fault. If I weren’t the son of the First House†¦ We’d never have met. And that would have been worse. â€Å"Would it?† he said out loud, as if he needed reassurance. Yes. She gave the answer mentally, so that he could feel the truth of it. Oh, Galen, I’m so glad we met. I’m so glad to have known you. And if we live through this, I’ll be glad all my life. He took her into his arms again. â€Å"We have it, Boss,† Winnie said. Her eyes were sparkling. Beside her, Nissa looked calmly enthusiastic. â€Å"What?† Keller asked. She herself felt calmly alert, in spite of almost no sleep the night before. She and Galen had stayed up late, reading over the scrolls, making sure that there was nothing they had missed. They had already explained what they’d found to the others. Now Winnie was grinning at her. â€Å"How to protect Iliana at the party on Saturday. We’ve got it, and it’s foolproof!† Nothing is foolproof, Keller thought. She said, â€Å"Go on.† It’s like this. We put wards all around the Ashton-Hughes house, just like the wards Grandma Harman made for this house. The strongest possible from Circle Daybreak. But we put them around the house now, as soon as we can. We key them so that only humans can get in.† â€Å"And we add another layer of protection,† Nissa said. â€Å"Circle Daybreak agents posted around the house, starting now. Nothing gets in, nothing gets out that they don’t know about. That way, when we go to the party on Saturday, we know it’s safe.† â€Å"We just whisk her from one safe place to another,† Winnie said. â€Å"As long as we can keep her in here until Saturday night, there’s-no chance of any danger.† Keller considered. â€Å"We have to make sure the limo is safe, too. Absolutely safe.† â€Å"Of course,† Winnie said. ‘Ill take care of it.† â€Å"And I’d want agents to check the people who go hi somehow. Not just monitor. Would there be any way to do that?† â€Å"Without the family knowing?† Nissa chewed her lip gently. â€Å"What if we set up some sort of road crew near the front gate? There’s bound to be a gate; this is a mansion, right?† â€Å"Check it out. And we’d better get plans of the house, too. I want us all to know the place by heart before we get there.† â€Å"City planner’s office,† Nissa said. â€Å"No, more likely the local historical society. The house is probably a historic monument. I’m on it.† Keller nodded. â€Å"Hmm.† She tried to think if there was anything else to worry about. â€Å"Hmm, it sounds†¦Ã¢â‚¬  They watched her, breath held. â€Å"It sounds good,† Keller said. â€Å"I think there’s just the tiniest, slightest possibility that it might actually work. But I’m probably being overoptimistic.† Winnie grinned and socked her on the shoulder. â€Å"You, Boss? Perish the thought.† ‘It’s so difficult,† Iliana said. â€Å"I mean, what can you wear to both a birthday party and a promise ceremony?† â€Å"And a Solstice Ceremony,† Winnie said. â€Å"Don’t forget that† â€Å"You’re trying to make things worse, aren’t you?† Iliana held up one dress, then another. â€Å"What’s right for a Solstice Ceremony?† â€Å"Something white,† Winnie suggested. â€Å"That would be good for a promise ceremony, too,† Keller said. She was doing her very best to be patient, and finding it easier than she had expected. The last three days had been very quiet Iliana had agreed to stay home from school even when her cold got better. Galen and Keller had scarcely spoken in that time, and they had never been alone. And that was†¦ all right. There was a quietness inside her to match the quiet air outside. They both had jobs to do. And they would do them as well as possible. Keller just prayed that what they did would be enough. â€Å"White? I don’t know if I’ve got anything white. It has to be fancy because everything at Jaime’s is fancy. I hope she’s really okay.† â€Å"She’s fine,† Keller said. â€Å"You talked to her an hour ago.† To her own relief, Jaime had stayed quietly at home for the past three days, too. The last thing she wanted was for that girl to be attacked again. But the Ashton-Hughes house, at least, was safe. For three days, it had been buttoned up tight, with Circle Daybreak agents watching every person who went through the gates. And checking them, using the same wards that protected the house. No Night Person could cross the invisible line that encircled the grounds, and no person who tried to cross and was turned back by the wards would be allowed to leave without being tracked. All we have to do is keep her safe during the drive, Keller thought. First to the mansion, then to the meeting place in Charlotte. We can do that. I know we can do that. She checked her watch. â€Å"Come on, kid, it’s after eight,† she said. â€Å"We should be moving soon.† Iliana and Winnie were both ransacking the closet â€Å"Pale blue,† Winnie said, â€Å"pale lavender, pale pink†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It has to be white,† Iliana said. â€Å"I’m sorry I mentioned it.† A knock sounded on the door, and Nissa looked in. â€Å"We’re back. You guys ready?† â€Å"In a minute,† Keller said. â€Å"How’re things at the mansion?† â€Å"Perfect. The witches say the wards are strong.† â€Å"Who’s come in?† â€Å"Caterers and a college band. That’s all so far. All one hundred percent human according to the wards-and to Galen, who kept running up to the cars at the gate and trying to sell them Christmas Benefit teddy bears.† Keller almost grinned. Galen would be good at that. â€Å"The family must have thought he was crazy.† â€Å"They never came out and complained. Nobody’s come out, in fact, which makes things easy on die surveillance team.† She sobered. â€Å"Boss, why do you think the dragon hasn’t tried something yet? He’s cutting it awfully close.† â€Å"I don’t know. I think†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What?† â€Å"I think he must be betting it all on one throw of the dice. One all-out attack, fast and decisive.† â€Å"At the party.† â€Å"At the parry,† Keller said. â€Å"So we’d better be on our toes.† â€Å"We’ve got him locked out, though. Those wards are secure.† â€Å"I hope so.† From the closet, Iliana squealed, â€Å"I found it!† She was holding a dress almost the color of her own hair, white with some sort of sparkling thread woven in. It draped in soft folds across her hip as she held it up for Winnie’s inspection. â€Å"Perfect,† Winnie said. â€Å"You can get engaged in that dress; you can go to a birthday parry; you can celebrate the Solstice-you can probably get married in it if you want† â€Å"You can do whatever you want, but you have to do it now,† Keller said, checking her watch again. â€Å"But do you like it? I think I bought it last year.† â€Å"It’s beautiful,† Keller said, and then, as she saw the hurt in Hiana’s violet eyes: â€Å"Really. It’s beautiful. You’ll look wonderful in it, and Galen will be-very impressed.† Where had that sudden hitch in her breath come from? She had gotten over it quickly, but she noticed that Diana gave her an odd look. â€Å"Now, come on, everybody,*’ Keller said briskly, looking at Winnie and Nissa. â€Å"Are you two ready?† They both looked down at their ordinary outfits, then looked back up and shrugged in chorus. â€Å"Yeah.† ‘I guess they can think we’re the help,† Keller said. â€Å"Everybody check your transmitters. I want to be in constant contact once we get there.† â€Å"Right, Boss.† â€Å"Got it, Boss.† Iliana had put on the dress and was looking in the mirror. â€Å"My hair,† she began, and then she glanced at Keller. â€Å"Ill just leave it down,† she said. â€Å"Okay?† â€Å"Down is fine, down is great.† Keller glanced at her watch and tightened her belt. â€Å"Down is just right for a Solstice Ceremony,† Winnie said. She added in an undertone as Iliana started for the door, â€Å"Don’t mind her. She’s always like this before a big operation.† ‘It’s a good thing I didn’t ask her about my shoes†¦.† Keller looked around to make sure there was nothing they were forgetting. Then she looked at the other three girls. They smiled back at her, eyes alert and ready for anything. Even the smallest one, who looked like a Christmas tree angel somebody had taken down and brought to life. â€Å"Okay, people,† Keller said. â€Å"This is it. It’s show time.† Galen was wearing a dark sweater and pants that set off his blondness. It was casual but still appropriate for the promise ceremony later on. His eyes met Keller’s briefly as Iliana said good-bye to her parents, and they both smiled. Not fake smiles, either. Simply the quiet, undemanding smiles of comrades with a job to do. â€Å"Kee-kee!† Alex said from the door as they went to the car in the garage. That kid is up way too late, Keller thought She turned and waved. â€Å"Blow him a kiss,† Diana prompted helpfully. â€Å"He likes that.† Keller gave her a narrow sideways look and blew him a kiss. â€Å"Kee-kee!† Suddenly, his round little face crumpled. â€Å"Bye-bye,† he proclaimed sadly. â€Å"Oh, that’s sweet,† Diana’s mother said. â€Å"He’s going to miss you. He probably thinks you’re going for good.† â€Å"Bye-bye,† Alex said, and huge tears rolled down his cheeks. â€Å"Bye-bye! Kee-kee! Bye-bye!† He began to sob. There was a little silence among the group standing by the car. Winnie stared at Alex, then glanced at Iliana. â€Å"He doesn’t-he’s never had any precognitions, has he?† she muttered. â€Å"He’s a baby,† Iliana whispered back. ‘1 mean, how could you tell?† â€Å"He’s just tired,† Keller said briefly. â€Å"Come on, let’s go.† How to cite Night World : Witchlight Chapter 14, Essay examples

Tyco Company Phone Services

Table of Contents High quality value Easier to operate Friendly services Pay bill services and banking services Advances High quality value Tyco Company is a major dealer in communication gadgets such as phones. Their phones are of high quality, durable, and they are sold at affordable prices. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tyco Company Phone Services specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tyco sells phones, which meet the international standards from leading phone manufacturers. These manufacturers include Samsung, Nokia, Doro and Motorola. The company provides automated Usage Alerts services that help customers know the lapse of the minutes they had intended to be on air. This is done without asking them to pay even a penny. Lot of the company’s esteemed consumers are happy with this service. The company ensures that the calling rate reduces as one talks. When the consumer satisfactions is the main obje ctive, the organization ensures that the airtime the customer feeds to his or her phone will be converted to donga point. The donga points can later be converted into free calling minutes, free SMS or free internet bundles. Easier to operate The company phones and services are not complicated; therefore, they do not require any training in order to enjoy them. The services offered are remarkably fast to access. Tyco services are reliable and meet every customer need. This makes the company the best choice for every mobile user. The company operating manuals are written in clear straightforward words. To ensure customers are capable of understanding the manual, they are written in different languages. Friendly services The company cares for all its customers. The company management considers all suggestions, recommendations and complaints. Tyco act immediately to all what customer tell them, because they value him or her. In case a customer wants to terminate his or her contract with the company, there are no hidden charges. Tyco believes that the consumer is independent to decide when to enter and to terminate his or her contract. The organizations’ customer care service is run by competent staff. They are friendly and are available 24 hours 7 days per week. Tyco ensures research and innovation are stressed in business. This leads to quality and efficient services to satisfy the customers’ needs as much as possible. Pay bill services and banking services It has become crucial to ensure customer does not have to carry cash whenever he or she wants to do shopping. Tyco has established formal relationship with different key selling outlets to make them pay their bills from the phone. This has minimized burglary since the company cares about the customer’s safety. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from this, the company has also established a strong rapport with the banking sector, whereby the banks have agreed to offer the customers banking services through their phones. Customers can deposit, withdraw, and check their account balances among other services. Indeed this is the reason why the company is labeled as the leader in the phone industry. Advances Tyco has customer’s interest in its objectives, and that is why it always comes up with services tailored to meet his or her needs. The company knows that it is not always possible for customer to have the credit in his or her phone. In such circumstances when he or she does not have the credit, and he or she feels the need to make a call, the company intervenes, and gives them a soft loan. The company’s loyal customer, who has been using the services for more than 8 months, is provided with 20% of the amount he has used within a year. Tyco believes that as the business grows, so should the consumer do. The client will never regret, as the c ompany is caring, and considers phone service providers. This essay on Tyco Company Phone Services was written and submitted by user Elsa Patterson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Motorolas Case Study

Motorolas Case Study Introduction Motorola is a Chicago based firm that was started in 1928 as the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation. It is a top producer of handheld cell phones and markets wireless web devices. In 2003, phone gadgets contributed to 40% of the revenue and 60% of Motorola’s operating profits. Motorola is good in communication and technology creativity.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Motorola’s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has been possible through its strong branding and technological innovation. The firm strives to achieve breakthroughs in technology and to emerge at the top of its competitors (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2010). This paper seeks to explain the SWOT analyses of Motorola incorporation, as well as merits and demerits of Motorola’s strategies. Additionally, the essay identifies the levels of strategy in a firm and issues in business administration. Salient opportunities and threats that exist in Motorolas external environment The external environment analysis helps an organization to know if its resources are enough to thrive among its competitors. Opportunities are favorable external environmental factors while threats are unfavorable external environmental factors. Brand is an important opportunity for Motorola. Its brands are strategically located in the telecommunications market. This increases the chances of customers seeing and buying its products. Additionally, the firm has strong marketing and promotional tactics. It uses various marketing devices such as print media and TV. As a result, it is able to inform millions of customers about its products. Another opportunity is strong ability and readiness to take risks. For instance, through creation of new products that enables Motorola to achieve a competitive advantage. The innovation of new products brings differentiation to Motorola therefore reducing the prices of its products. Some products like Telco TV have helped the firm to be better placed in the market. The corporation has also been winning different contracts that enable it to supply its products in large volumes for a long period of time. This has also helped to boost its sales as well as performance. These opportunities have enabled the firm to grow and establish itself internationally. For instance, it has entered other markets like Taiwan and United Kingdom. The main threat that Motorola faces is competition from new and foreign firms. For instance, in 2003, Japanese, Korean and Chinese businesses were entering the market to produce and supply cell phones. Their products were cheaper and of higher quality as compared to Motorola’s.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This threatened Motorola’s profit margins such that they were almost reaching one percent (Hitt et al., 2010). Additionally, the firm does not enjoy government protection against entry of foreign businesses in to the market. As a result, foreign market players have entered the market and are almost replacing Motorola. Another threat is barrier to trade in some foreign markets. For instance, Motorola has been facing difficulties in penetrating Japan. Considering that Japan has already entered Motorola’s market, then blocking Motorola from entering Japan seems unfair. The other threat is from Sagem, which achieved the top most market position in France. It has been difficult for Motorola to surpass Sagem’s performance as it is a very strong company. Its products are of high quality and affordable. Motorola also faces threat from environmental, health and safety rules. For instance, it is required to ensure that the environment is kept clean during its production process. The costs associated with this are high and they affect the overall profits and performance of the firm. The credit ratings in the market are unfavorable to the company. High credit ratings mean that the company is charged more interest on loans. As a result, this cost is passed over to the consumer therefore reducing the competitive advantage over the other market players. Motorola’s most prominent strengths and weaknesses Strengths are internal favorable environmental factors while weaknesses are internal unfavorable factors of a business. Motorola’s strength is that it is a prominent company in provision of wireless handsets, communication devices and the single provider of iDEN network. Motorola is a leading and strong market player. For example, it acquired and managed Kreaatel therefore gaining higher chances of entering European and North American markets. The other strength is the ability to manufacture large volumes of mobile handsets at a given time. This enables it to meet the market demand with ease. It is also able to enjoy economies of scale that come with large scale production. Additionally, it is able to surpass its competitors by ensuring that its products are readily available. Motorola’s weakness is that the general quality of its business operations makes customers unsatisfied. This is because at times, the products happen to have defects which make them to function improperly. Therefore, the customers tend to opt for other technological devices which can function smoothly. Another weakness is that their employees are less skilled and trained. They also lack motivation.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Motorola’s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They offer substandard services to the consumers because they may not know how to manufacture and operate the mobile handsets. This has reduced quality, customers and sales of Motorola’s products around the world. Another threat is weak profitability. Motorola’s profits and market share have b een dropping because of the weaknesses and threats it has been facing. This requires that the company adopts different strategies in order to regain its market position. Advantages and disadvantages associated with each of Motorolas strategic options Motorola’s strategic plans have been made using intangible and tangible facilities. The intangible facilities are employees who aim at achieving the firm’s goals and experts who possess technological creativity. The tangible facilities are the products such as telephone handsets. These intangible and tangible facilities enable the company to produce, market, sell and obtain income from its produce. However, this strategy is disadvantageous because there are many IT firms using it. Therefore, Motorola needs to identify and advance other tactics that will enable it to achieve competitive advantage. Another Motorola’s strategy is the implementation of the new WiMaX expertise. This is an essential strategy for Motorola given that WiMaX has several advantages. It can take the place of many telecommunication facilities and cellular telephone networks. It can also provide internet facilities to Motorola products. For instance, Motorola has installed WiMax in to its cell phones therefore making it an international performer in technological innovation. Introduction of WiMaX has made other big providers of communication devices to be on toes in order to offer similar facilities. For instance, Nokia and Cisco Systems are aiming at providing WiMaX services to the mobile industry. However, the strategy of using WiMaX is disadvantageous. For example, there is increased competition since other mobile technology companies are starting to provide the same services.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the costs required to use WiMaX are getting lower as more manufacturers turn up. This has increased supply and lowered selling price therefore affecting Motorola’s profits. How the corporations strategy and organizational structure can be designed to solve the companys strategic issues There is stiff competition in the technology market. Therefore, Motorola is expected to fight for its place in order to endure and achieve competitive advantage above its competitors. It can do this by differentiation of its products and provision of competitive prices to its customers. Since there are upcoming and innovative telecommunications providers, it is important that Motorola improves its strategies (Hitt et al., 2010). In order to remain competitive, Motorola can identify and implement different products that have not yet been launched by its competitors. Additionally, it can adopt bargaining power by purchasing its production materials at affordable price. For example, it can buy in large volumes in order to obtain discounts. This way, it can be able to sell its mobile handsets at a price lower than its competitors. Motorola should also strive to create more products. Since the costs of producing digital products are reducing, customers and demand are also increasing. These customers aim at obtaining variety of products for comparison purposes. They also expect to buy quality products. This should motivate Motorola to increase its production capacity, create new products and advance its technology in order to take advantage of increasing demand. How Motorola should proceed In order to improve its strategic planning, Motorola should be highly innovative. This is in order to ensure that plans with the right procedures, mechanisms and technology are introduced. As a result, the future product needs of consumers can be met. The technological plans initiated by Motorola Corporation will need a mechanism of checks and balances which will remove market s urprises and errors. Road mapping is a strategic plan that Motorola can adopt because it can make the company to be different from its competitors. This road map offers a general procedure and database for every Motorola company to follow. This enables the companies to be in a position to advance, build and share their products, missions, visions and strategies with the whole corporation. Additionally, it is possible to centrally solve issues that are facing various sections therefore reducing problem solving procedures and time. Road mapping can also provide strategic planning which creates a competitive advantage. Various levels and types of strategy in a firm Business level strategies are methods that firms use to carry out several operational roles. These strategies are used in order to assign duties and guidelines for proprietors, managers and employees. Some of these strategies are: coordination of unit functions, utilization of labor, development of competitive advantages, id entification of market gaps and monitoring of product plans. Issues in business administration Human resource issues: These are matters or problems that face the employees. Some of them are: guaranteeing of open communications, balancing of stress and the labor force, setting up of responsibilities and conflict resolution (Bishop, 1991, p. 6). Structural issues: These are basically the factors affecting the organizational structure. Some of them include competition, characteristics of customers and suppliers and the technological and regulatory environment. Although these issues can affect business, it is important to converse with the administration before changing the organizational structure (Bishop, 1991, p. 7). Policy and Procedural Issues: This is mainly the authority that is either granted or earned by the employees or owners of a business. Authority entails application of control within a firm. For instance, there are procedures for approving and delegating of responsibiliti es and authority. An organization can use Management by Objective (MBO) to coordinate and allocate authority and duties. Current Operating Reports should be made in order to give management and employees an updated schedule of expected goals and objectives (Bishop, 1991, p. 8-10). Risk management issues: This involves identifying and solving uncertain factors that can affect the profitability or goals of an organization. It is the role of management to weigh the consequences of these concerns on the whole business. Some of these issues are: asset theft, computer offenses, scams and breach of laws (Bishop, 1991, p. 10). Conclusion Motorola Incorporation has various opportunities and strengths that allow it to establish a stable market position. Its opportunities are strong marketing and promotional tactics, strong brands which are strategically located, creative technological advances, different contract awards and strong ability and readiness to take risks. Its strengths are the abi lity to manufacture in large volumes and becoming a leading and strong market player. On the other hand, Motorola faces threats from its competitors such as Japanese and Korean cell phone manufacturers. They sell related telecommunications devices and sell them at a lower-cost price. The other threat is barrier to trade in foreign markets as well as environmental, health and safety rules. High credit ratings deny Motorola the chance to borrow capital at an affordable rate. As a result of these threats, Motorola has initiated competitive techniques such as WiMaX technology which has enabled it to attain a competitive advantage. There are various business level strategies that have been initiated in order to assign duties and guidelines for proprietors, managers and employees. There are also issues affecting business administration. These are human resource issues, structural issues, policy and procedural issues as well as risk management issues. References Bishop, J. (1991). Manageme nt Issues for the Growing Business: Emerging Business series. Web. Hitt, M., Ireland, R., Hoskisson, R. (2010). Competitiveness and Globalization, Concepts: Strategic Management Series.Concepts. Connecticut, U.S.: Cengage Learning.

Superorder Dictyoptera, Roaches and Mantids

Superorder Dictyoptera, Roaches and Mantids Dictyoptera means network wings, referring to the visible network of veins present in the wings of this order. The superorder Dictyoptera includes orders of insects related by evolution and features: Blattodea (sometimes called Blattaria), the cockroaches, and Mantodea, the mantids. That being said, the world of science is ever-evolving, and taxonomy is no exception. This branch of the insect taxonomic tree is currently under revision. Some insect taxonomists also group termites in the superorder Dictyoptera. In some entomology references, the Dictyoptera may be ranked at the order level, with the mantids and roaches listed as suborders. Description: Perhaps no other pairing of insects seems as unlikely as cockroaches and mantids of the order Dictyoptera. Cockroaches are almost universally reviled, while mantids, also called praying mantises, are often revered. Taxonomists rely only on physical and functional characteristics to determine groups of like insects, however. Compare a cockroach and a mantid, and youll notice both have leathery forewings. Called tegmina, these wings are held like a roof over the abdomen. Roaches and mantids have long and spiny middle and hind legs. Their feet, or tarsi, nearly always have five segments. Dictyopterans use chewing mouthparts to consume their food, and have long, segmented antennae. Both cockroaches and mantids also share a few anatomical features that you would only see through close examination and dissection, but theyre important clues to establishing the relationship between these seemingly different insect groups. Insects have a platelike sternite near the end of their abdomens, under the genitalia, and in the Dictyoptera, this genital plate is enlarged. Roaches and mantids also share a special digestive system structure. Between the foregut and midgut, they have a gizzard-like structure called a  proventriculus, and in the Dictyoptera the  proventriculus has internal teeth that break down solid bits of food before sending them along the alimentary canal. Finally, in roaches and mantids, the tentorium – a skull-like structure in the head that cradles the brain and gives the head capsule its form – is perforated. Members of this order undergo incomplete or simple metamorphosis with three stages of development: egg, nymph, and adult. The female lays eggs in groups, then encases them in foam which hardens into a protective capsule, or ootheca. Habitat and Distribution: The superorder Dictyoptera contains nearly 6,000 species, distributed worldwide. Most species live in terrestrial habitats in the tropics. Major Families in the Superorder: Blattidae - Oriental and American cockroachesBlattellidae- German and wood cockroachesPolyphagidae - desert cockroachesBlaberidae - giant cockroachesMantidae - mantids Dictyopterans of Interest: Blatta orientalis, the Oriental cockroach, gains access to homes through plumbing pipes.The brown-banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa, is called the TV roach. It likes to hide inside warm electronic appliances.Brown-hooded cockroaches (Cryptocercus punctulatus) live in family groups. Females give birth to live young; the nymphs take 6 years to reach maturity.The Mediterranean mantid takes its scientific name, Iris oratoria from an unusual marking on the underside of its wing. Literally, the name means talking eye, a smart description of the eyespot which is displayed when the mantid feels threatened. Sources: Dictyoptera, Kendall Bioresearch Services. Accessed online March 19, 2008.Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America, by Eric R. Eaton Kenn KaufmanDictyoptera, Tree of Life Web. Accessed online March 19, 2008.Evolution of the Insects, by David Grimaldi, Michael S. Engel.External Anatomy - The Insects Head, by John R. Meyer, North Carolina State University Department of Entomology. Accessed online November 9, 2015.Unlikely Sisters – Roaches and  Mantises, by Nancy Miorelli, Ask an Entomologist website. Accessed online November 9, 2015.

Radiohead and Kid A Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Radiohead and Kid A - Research Paper Example Band leader Thom Yorke commented that the album simply reflected the music the band was mainly listening to at the time they were creating the album, though there is evident an obvious attempt to depart from the band’s previous ‘rock’ style. There are evident influences from synthesised bands such as Aphex Twin, Talking Heads and jazz artists such as Charles Mingus and Miles Davis. Some songs, particularly ‘How to Disappear’, contain heavy classical influences. ‘Motion Picture Soundtrack’ is a particular example of the band’s new direction, and experimenting with minimal sound yet varied instruments, as well as new and old styles. The album’s style is certainly a new direction from the band’s older albums, and it perhaps symbolises the band’s injection of personal influences into their musical style. Concepts Behind the Album Radiohead experimented with the music of Kid A, and its comparison to earlier albums s hows a distinct move from their usual ‘alternative rock’ style to a more electronic music style (Gilbert). For this album, Radiohead experimented with a broader range of musical instruments; a rather different approach compared to their previous focus on the use of guitars. Radiohead incorporated the use of keyboards, brass and strings – a depiction of their classical music and jazz influences. The music contains less use of lyrics than previous albums, and the lyrics that the band does use are more conceptual and theoretical than the lyrics they had created before. Many described Kid A as an evolution of the band: â€Å"their core sound had changed† (Koehler 193). Perhaps the success of Kid A is owed to its new sound; the inability to slot it into any one musical genre, as Kaye claims: â€Å"the album is a motley painting of many types of music, mixed and bended in playful and satirical ways, that cannot be boxed into any neat compartment (sic)† (241). Perhaps the most prominent feature of Kid A’s music style is Yorke’s adamant departure from rock; he claimed â€Å"I never wanted to be in a...rock group† (Lin 32). One can hear the band’s avoidance of producing yet another ‘alternative rock’ album, and the experimentation they undertook, although it is mainly synthesised and electronic, cannot be particularly classed as any single genre. It seems that the band achieved this goal very successfully. Tension Among the Band Led to this Album The problems faced by the band, particularly Thom York e leading up to and during the creation of the album are certainly not few and far between. There was not only tension in the band, but Yorke had begun to feel alienated from the fast paced life of the rest of the world, as well as feeling that his music had become mainstream and unimportant (‘Meeting People is Easy’). Yorke shunned media attention which had been created as a result of Radiohead’s success, and the exhausted band almost split up before the making of Kid A. The main problems facing the band as a whole, however, were due to the constant disagreements which arose between the members as to the musical style the album should be based on. The main tension was between Yorke’s desire to inject electronic music into the band’s style and the rest of the band’s desire to remain with the guitar ‘rock-pop-alternative’ style. As a result of the conglomerated problems, Yorke faced many difficulties while trying to write songs

Criminal justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Criminal justice - Essay Example When a person studies law and is even given the license to practice it, one is made aware of the unforgiving unethical mistakes one can commit against the court among which is perjury and falsifying the documents of the court. This offense not only shows disrespect to the court but to the legal system and the American inhabitants at large all of which depend on the court and its legal officers to follow the law. Taking over the houses of other people is theft and a lack of justice and integrity. Instead of helping the owners or their relatives get their property back or even know of its existence as a lawyer, Sheldon went ahead to take over the property as his own intending to make millions off them through fraudulent means. The houses were abandoned but according to the law which he is well aware off, these are supposed to do to the state if no next of kin or living relative is acknowledged. The act committed by the lawyer amounts to lack of proper moral judgment a virtue that is a necessity in his career as an attorney of the court. Because of his unethical behavior and lack of guidance to the rest of his crook associates as a lawyer, he might be earning himself 15 years in jail for the counts brought up in court by the prosecutor. Obtaining money or property through fraudulent means always leads to negative consequences sooner or later. Attorneys and other court officers should be subjected to constant review of their property including bank accounts even offshore ones. This procedure should be carried out indiscreetly and randomly. This is in a bid to unveil those engaging in unethical actions that are also against the law. If this had been done, then Sheldon’s unethical scheme would have been unveiled as soon as it started saving him embarrassment, jail time and even his family and job. The other way to curb such unethical behavior is to carry out tough actions against those court officials

Costs And Contributions: The Wave From South Of The Border :: essays research papers

Costs and Contributions: The Wave From South of The Border Every year, hundreds of millions of people enter the US via land ports of entry, and the INS each year apprehends over 1.3 million aliens at or near the border. Over 90 percent of those apprehended near the border are Mexicans, and some who enter the US legally and illegally are carrying drugs into the US. This influx of illegal immigrants from south of the border has created quite a stir in many places. Is this good that people are coming to the U.S.? What will happen if this pattern keeps up? Will they steal our jobs? What effect will this wave of people have on us? These questions plague many and deserved to be answered in the following paper on: "Costs and contributions: The Wave From South of The Border". "Dowell Myers (USC) reported on his double cohort method--by age and year of entry-- of analyzing what happened to immigrants arriving in the seven southern CA counties after 1980. His analysis shows that especially young immigrants make considerable economic progress after their arrival--as measured by their total incomes--and that some of their behavior converges rapidly to that of natives, e.g., they rapidly abandon buses and drive cars to work. In southern CA, one-third of all bus riders are recent immigrants. Myers noted that immigration is raising other issues, including overcrowded housing. The US definition of acceptable housing was two or less persons per room until 1960, when the definition was change to one or less per room. However, as immigrants moved into southern CA, overcrowding jumped, raising questions about how aggressively cities should enforce housing codes developed during a non- immigrant era." Many are haunted by the question: will we be hurt? Over crowding has had a major impact on families living near the Mexican border lowering standards of living and living space as well. Also, citizens wonder about the filthy scum that comes from south of the border-are all illegal immigrants scum? George Vernez outlined an ambitious project that is dealing with the question of whether immigration is a plus or minus for CA by examining the effects of immigration on internal migration, on wages, and on public finances since 1960. Those studies showed that immigrants from most countries do catch up to similar natives in average weekly earnings after 10 to 20 years, but not immigrants from the major country of origin--Mexico. Furthermore, immigrant children tend to follow in their parents' footsteps, meaning that the children of Asian immigrants tend to do well in school, etc., while the children of

Effect of Milk Advertising Essay

The milk of the cow is most widely used by humans, but the milk of the mare, goat, ewe, buffalo, camel, ass, zebra, reindeer, llama, and yak is also used. The composition of milk varies with the species, breed, feed, and condition of the animal. Jersey and Guernsey cows produce milk of high butterfat content; Holsteins produce larger quantities of milk but with a lower butterfat content. Milk prepared for sale is often homogenized; in this process it is pumped under pressure through small openings to break up the milk-fat globules, thus ensuring an equal distribution of fat throughout the milk rather than permitting it to rise to the top as cream. In most countries where milk is a commercial product, it is subject to regulations concerning its composition (i. e. , the proportion of butterfat and other solids) and its purity, with sanitary measures in force that cover milk handlers, herds, plants, and equipment. Pasteurization (partial sterilization by heating) checks bacterial growth, thereby making milk safer to drink and increasing its keeping qualities and range of transport. Milk, an almost complete food, consists of proteins (mainly casein ), fat, salts, and milk sugar, or lactose , as well as vitamins A, C, D, certain B vitamins, and lesser amounts of others. (Many people are unable to digest milk after childhood because they stop producing an enzyme needed to break down lactose, but usually they still can digest yogurt, hard cheeses, and lactose-reduced milk products.) Commercial dairies often supplement natural vitamin D with a concentrate. Milk is a major source of calcium and a good source of phosphorus. Low-fat and skim milk fortified with vitamins A and D have the same nutritional value as whole milk, but with fewer calories and less cholesterol . Whole milk has 3. 5% milkfat, low-fat milk 1% to 2%, and skim, 0. 5%. Heavy cream has a minimum of 36% milkfat, half-and-half not less than 10. 5% nor more than 18%. A patent was issued for the production of dried milk in Great Britain in 1855, and for concentrated milk in the United States to Gail Borden in 1856. The two types of concentrated milk are condensed and evaporated; condensed milk is a sweetened product (over 40% sugar), and evaporated is unsweetened. Dried, or powdered, milk is made by passing a film of partially evaporated milk over a heated drum or by spraying it into a heated chamber in which the particles dry. Malted milk is a dried mixture made of milk and the liquid from a mash of barley malt and wheat flour. Bibliography See S. K. Kon, Milk and Milk Products in Human Nutrition (1972); T. Quinn, Dairy Farm Management (1980); D. Carrick, Milk (1985). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia ® Copyright  © 2007, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www. cc. columbia. edu/cu/cup/ milk Liquid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammals to nourish their young. The milk of domesticated animals is also an important food source for humans. Most milk consumed in Western countries is from cows; other important sources include sheep, goats, water buffalo, and camels. Milk is essentially an emulsion of fat and protein in water, along with dissolved sugar, minerals (including calcium and phosphorus), and vitamins, particularly vitamin B complex. Commercially processed cow’s milk is commonly enriched with vitamins A and D. Many countries require pasteurization to protect against naturally occurring and artificially introduced microorganisms. Cooling further prevents spoilage (souring and curdling). Fat from whole milk (about 3. 5% fat content) can be removed in a separator to produce cream and leave low-fat milk (1–2% fat) or skim milk (0. 5% fat). Milk is usually homogenized, forced under high pressure through small openings to distribute the fat evenly. It may also be condensed, evaporated, or dehydrated for preservation and ease of transport. Other dairy products include butter, cheese, and yogurt. INTRODUCTION This study will evaluate the influence of culture and cultural values on style of appeals used in advertising Peak Milk â€Å"its in you† to Nigerians. Also, it uses the eclectic method to decipher advertising strategies that appeal to Nigerians. The advertisement [see appendix A] is perceived as an epitome of what appeals to Nigerians because it cuts across age, gender, and lifestyle in the Nigerian society. To further understand this, a semiotic analysis is used to â€Å"decode elements of visual images† (Seale, 2004 p.274), as well as encoded message using the signified and signifier. 2 BACKGROUND Royal Friesland Campina, a Netherlands based company, established West African Milk Company (WAMCO) in Nigeria in 1974 (Friesland campina). They are the producers of Peak milk, a diary product which is the market leader in diary based nutrition in Nigeria (Nigerian bulletin). Therefore, one would ask should companies that are market leaders spend heavily to promote their brand given that â€Å"there is no direct link between a commercials and product usage in the mind of consumers† (Mooij, 2005 p. 275). bBut, she also affirmed that advertising works in diverse ways. Thus, the aims of this study, to find out how advertisers effectively appeal to the Nigerian market? According to World Bank report, â€Å"Nigeria is the largest country in Africa with a growing population of 148 million people, about 200 ethnic groups and 500 indigenous languages†. It is also perceived to be the second largest economy in Sub Sahara Africa. One can deduce from this that it is a multi ethnic nation enriched with diverse norms and values. In this case, how can advertisements reach out to this populace knowing the diversity that is inherent in the nation? In order words, what appeals to Nigerians? 3 SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS To understand the appeals and cultural dimensions employed in this advert, the entrenched message has to be worked out using semiotics analysis especially because â€Å"symbolism is highly used in high context culture† (Mooij, 2004 p. 33). As indicated by Baldwin, 2004 p. 51 â€Å"semiotic is the systematic study of sign† used to decipher the denoted and connoted meanings embedded in advertisements. But, it is less objectiveity and generalizable because of its reliance on personal interpretation of the researcher (Seale, 2004 p. 272). Embedded in this adverts are signs which can be understood by the â€Å"relationship between signifier and signified† (Seale, 2004 p. 273). This illustrates how â€Å"the signifier of the overt meaning in an advertisement has a function of its own† (Williamson, 1978 p. 19). In this scene, the product (the only time it appears in the advertisement) is placed by the endorser while preparing for training. The sign could be interpreted in different ways with one being that the product helps Nwankwo Kanu to become even better. Here, the significance of milk is transferred to Nwankwo’s performance. From the advertisement one can see that â€Å"this correlation is non-sequential [because] the two things are not linked by †¦ a narrative but by their place in a picture† (Williamson, 1978 p. 19). â€Å"The transference of significance [also] does not exist in the advertisement, but requires us to make the connection† (Williamson, 1978 p. 18). It was not stated in the advertisement that Nwankwo Kanu is succeeding because of his consumption of Peak milk or milk makes oneyou achieve one’s your ambitions, therefore, this meaning does not come into place until the transference is completed by the audiencewe complete the transference ourselves. Transference cannot occur if the object (peak milk) does not have any significance to be transferred. That is to say that a system of meaning must already exist in which milk is seen as a nutritious fluid that â€Å"contains some health promoting component† (Barlic, 2001 p. 3). Also, there is no direct correlation between Kanu and Peak milk in the advertisement but, the milk is strategically positioned [see appendix B] in other to create assumption in the mind of the viewers. The link relates to what Nwankwo Kanu means to Nigerians. This advertisement â€Å"presents this transference of meaning to viewers as fait accompli† (Williamson, 1978 p. 25) because it is only in the advertisement that this transference takes place. 4 CULTURAL VALUES OF NIGERIANS Goodenough 1971, cited in Usunier et al 2005 p. 5 defined culture as â€Å"a set of beliefs or standards shared by a group of people which helps the individual decide what is, what can be, how to feel, what to do and how to go about doing it† (Usunier et al, 2005 p. 5). It is seemingly the attitude and behavior that characterizes the functioning of a group (answers. com) and could also be said to be the attributes and values of a set of people. Cultural values is alleged to be the â€Å"root of consumer behaviour which is a process where people use ideas and experience to satisfy needs and desires† (who said this) therefore, advertisements of products should be adapted to a nation’s dimension of culture (Mooij 2004 p. 2). Relating this to Nigeria, Hofstedes’ dimension of culture propagates that Nigeria is a high power distance nation which is also very collectivist and has a low uncertainty avoidance nature. It is also seen as a short term oriented populace and is midway in the masculinity index [see appendix C]. From the Hofstedes’ classification of Nigeria, it could be said that there is a visible sign of status and ambition mentality with results being attributed to one’s own ability (Hofstede 2005), though identity most often is based on social network whereas, a very result oriented driven (mooij 2004) attitude is maintained. 4. 1 RELATING THE ADVERTISEMENT TO HOFSTEDES MODEL Advertising is believed to be the most culture-bound element in the marketing mix since it is highly influenced by culture which happens to be the most important factor in explaining information found in advertising (Usunier, 2005 p. 413). This is vital because response towards product based one’s interpretation of advertisement is often biased by cultural influence [see appendix D]. (this sentence is not clear) * The son’s respect for his dad and achievements depicts High power distance of Nigerians. * The likelihood of the son to follow his father’s foot step (hair style, football skills displayed) [see appendix E] shows the collectivist side of Nigerians. * Nwankwo Kanu being very ambitious despite shortcoming and high level of responsibility displayed illustrates the masculine character of Nigerians. * The ability to remain calm in adversity, less anxiety and relaxed atmosphere proves the low uncertainty avoidance nature. * Ability to focus on goal portrays short time orientation. (is it short time or short term? cos u earlier said short term) 5 ADVERTISING PEAK MILK TO NIGERIANS: USE OF APPEALS. Known to be among the happiest people on earth, Nigerians are fighters whom despite all odds try to actualize their dreams hence the slang â€Å"suffering and smiling† (mypenandpaper). As a result of this, success and achievements are celebrated. The core values that characterize Nigerian culture are achievements, materialism and sense of pride. Advertisers try to target these core values in orderother to target Nigerian attitude towards advertising messages which focuses on self improvement and achievement of personal goals as well as collective goals but overall, the feeling of harmony with others. In other to sell products, it has been discovered that â€Å"advertisers rely overwhelmingly on persuasive messages to sell product and services(where is the closing quotation sign? ) also minding the fact that â€Å"consumers have favourable attitudes towards messages that reflect their own socio-cultural values† (Alozie, 2009 p. 1) [see appendix F]. The main plot of this advertisement is brand retention. It appeals to Nigerians by using a positive figure in Nigeria and his son telling his success story thereby, associating the brand to his success. Agrawal 1995, cited in Usunier 2005 is of the belief that â€Å"‘cultural sensitivity†(be consistent with quote sign)’ is generally portrayed in advertisement via the use of appeals (p. 413). Tellis 2004 noted three major forms of appeals in advertising which are arguments, emotions and endorsement (p. 23) but two are mostly inherent is this advertisement. 5. 1 CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT Oguntimehi believesbeliefs that it is â€Å"a battle for advertises to entice television target audience into viewing a commercial†. For this reason, they use celebrities to endorse brands and create a general conditioning procedure (Till, 2008 p.180) which makes the advertisement very successful in terms of keeping public’s attention throughout the duration of the advert, and also heightening retention which would ultimately lead to purchase intention of the product [see appendix G]. This can only be achieved if the audience is familiar with the endorser and identify with the source (Oguntimehi, 2009). Prior to this advertisement by peak milk majority of Nigerians do not know or have not seen Kanu’s son therefore this grabs their attention. (Tellis, (2004 p.179) pointed out that â€Å"celebrities tend to be unpredictable and can hurt brand by their behavior and statements†. However, Till noted that â€Å"the use of celebrity endorsers is profitable despite the risk involved† (Till, 2008 p. 182). Two very important models based on the work of social psychologists should be taken into account while shopping for endorsers. These are, the Credibility model and the Attractiveness model which depicts the trustworthiness of the endorser and the likeability as well as the familiarity of endorser respectively (Till, 2008 p. 183; Tellis, 2004 p.182). This advertisement features Kanu simply known as ‘Kanu’ and nicknamed ‘papilo’: Nigerians’ most decorated soccer player, striker for the National team of Nigeria and for the English Club, Portsmouth (Okon, 2009). His enthralling performance and being one of Africans most highly recognized footballer in the history of football (Okon, 2009), has endeared him to the hearts of millions of Nigerians. According to (Okon, 2009), even though celebrities have an aura of greatness in the eyes of the public, it is germane that they ideally fit the brand being projected. Since milk is seen as very nutritious and has high content of vitamins and minerals, it strategically aligns with the endorser used because of his health history and continuous success. It is believed that their popularity posses the power to influence consumers to swap loyalty to the endorsed brand as well as make such adverts linger continually in the public’s memory (Okon, 2009). This is coherent with the elaboration likelihood model where â€Å"affect transfer is considered to be stronger in low-involvement situations† like buying milk (Till, 2008 p. 182). 5. 2 EMOTIONAL APPEAL. Advertising has the power to attach emotional values to the brand which in turn builds positive reputation (Thomas 2008). According to (Fill, (2009 p. 520), advertisers often use â€Å"emotion-based messages† to make distinctions in products placement especially when there is little or no differentiation between its products and that of competitors. Therefore, this appeal uses characters within a plot to pass across emotional messages in drama like scenes (Tellis, 2004 p. 23) so as to grab consumers’ attention. Due to consumersthem preferring characters that can be identifiedthey can identify with (Usunier, 2005 p.419), in advertising the Peak brand the advertisers made use of a personality that every Nigerian across all gender, tribe, religion and ages can relate with. Also used is the subliminal effect which further entrenches the product value in the mind of the populace consequently anytime you think of Kanu’s trail, success or even his son, you think of Peak milk (prior to the advertisements majority of Nigerians did not know Kanu’s son). This also appeals to the collectivist nature of Nigerians in order to build brand loyalty which is a â€Å"key concept in collectivist cultures and spreads from people to product† (Usunier, 2005 p.93). Hofstede notes that cultures with lower uncertainty avoidance like the West African Region have tendency to ask for less information since information reduces uncertainty which they are not prone to (Hofstede 2005). One could see that the advert does not supply any information about the product. This could be as a result of Nigerians being low uncertainty avoidance in addition to the advertisers trying to create an impression in the mind of the populace in other to establish the product in their minds by associating its product to the emotional past of Kanu in that way giving the product added value. Time is not viewed as a linear fashion rather as a composition of events that have occurred. Generally, Nigerians are known to operate a two-dimensional time phenomenon- a long past and present (Alozie, 2003). This advert makes reference to past victory as a nation in the 1996 Olympics and Kanu’s victory over his health. According to (Wilson, (2005 p158), the trend of using nostalgia as a way to sell various products is not new. It is a â€Å"bittersweet emotion† (Wilson, 2005) so its application has to be well thought of. The advert â€Å"clearly attempts to trigger†(who said this? ) nostalgia in consumers as well as potential ones. The advertiser used images from the past to attract the publics’ attention (Nigeria’s victory in 1996 Olympics a feat that everyone desires to see again). The advert does not provide facts about the product, identification with the brand comes only at the end of the commercial (Mooij 2004 p. 135) it drives at associating certain traits with the product so when you think of those traits, automatically you think of the product. It focuses more on emotional appeal thus associating the product with achievements despite all odds which could be said to be the core value of Nigerians. According to Decision Analyst, the extent to which an advertisement succeeds is dependent on the strength of the creative concept. 6 SLICE OF LIFE Slice of life appeals to self esteem (Taflinger 1996). According to answers. com â€Å"it is the actual experience represented realistically and with little alteration. † Shilbury, et al (2003: 176) stated that, â€Å"‘Slice of life advertising uses some aspect of daily life as a part of the advertising. The intent behind this approach is to communicate messages and images to consumers that they can relate to†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Despite this, (Fill, C. (2009 p. 518) is of the view that the message should be presented in such a way that the receiver can identify immediately with the scenario being presented. Fill’s view relates with this advertisement in the sense that the storyline used can be related to by every Nigerian (the story of the Olympics game, the health challenge the endorser faced and how he came through to mesmerize Nigerians in the world of football). (Applegate (2005:139), is of the view that slice-of-life television commercial does not work, primarily because the intended consumer’s attention is pulled away from the product and of the character or some other element in the story. He feels a slice-of-life design will only work if the customer’s attention is on the sales message. To achieve this, it aims at self-persuasion using self-imagining technique thereby allowing audience visualize themselves as the character trying to solve a particular problem and being helped by the brand (O’Shaughnessy, 1995 p483). 7 LIMITATIONS. It is important to note that in every country, there are immense inconsistencies within cultures (kitayama & markus, 1994 p. 289) therefore there would be individuals who appear to have different attributes as stated in this study. The study is partly empirical that is, it not fully based on proven theories so, partly observational. Also, due to time constraint and the word count limit, the research was restricted to cover the few areas represented in the report. To give more credence, a focus group interview would have been conducted of Nigerians to actually see how they respond to this advertisement and how it appeals to them. 8 CONCLUSION Culture is more than merely one’s lifestyle. It delves deeper to categorise ones experience (Kitayama & markus, 1994 p285). Evidently, the advertisement uses the referent system where it brings into play Kanu a notable soccer player in Nigeria. â€Å"It is a connotation that is made to denote the product† (Williamson, 1978 p. 100). Hence, the product is given value by Kanu who already has a value to Nigerians. But, if someone from another culture knows Kanu as a footballer, they will not have access to the referent system because, the meaning of the message will be difficult to interpret (Mooij, 2004 p.211). This is why this advertisement specifically appeals to Nigerians. In advertising to Nigerians, marketers have to put into consideration the cultural background, literacy level as well as income of the masses in order to permeate the market (Baker, 1965 p. 47). Also, the right type of appeal has to be employed. The most consistent used in Nigerian advertising is family value (collectivism, love, care, endurance, protection, investment) and a bit of western values (individualism, personal development, ambition, youthfulness). This advertisement promotes family value (using Kanu’s family especially his son) [see appendix H] as well as personal development (â€Å"I worked hard to be even better†). It also promotes values such as hard work, success and good health which it inferred the product could help achieve. Important also is the use of colour (green: the national colour of Nigeria) which played a major role in this advertisement. According to (Gorn, et al (1997 p. 1387), â€Å"advertisements containing color with higher level of value lead to greater liking for the advertisement†. One’s attitude towards an advertisement could be as a result of the effect of colours on feelings. The analysis of this effect on advert retention is beyond the scope of this work. 9 REFERENCES BOOKS FILL, C. 2009. Marketing Communications: Interactivity, communities and content. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited SHILBURY, D. , S. QUICK and H. WESTERBEEK. EFFECT OF ADVERTISINFG ON COSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR Every organization, or rather, Brand, invests a lot of capital on marketing, a major chunk of which is spent on making ads. Getting an iconic celeb like Amitabh Bachchan to speak about a product like Navratna Hair Oil, it seems like a piece of cake nowadays. But, to how much extent does these ads actually affect the consumers? Do they actually buy a product just because their favourite film-star is endorsing it? Is it possible that a product can change its image on the consumers overnight, just because of the flashy ad they just released? If we go by theories, there are lot many factors that influence a customer to make a purchase, and advertising is just one small part of a parameter called Psychology. Some of the more influential factors are like: 1. 1. Need of the Product – Considering the market scenario of today (I am talking about inflation), we consumers hardly buy anything when we don’t need it. 2. 2. Affordability – It is not an uncommon sight when a man sighs looking at an expensive brand of shaving cream and goes for the cheaper brand. 3. 3. Brand Image and Loyalty – Very few Surf Excel users would like to opt for a brand like Tide or Nirma just because it is cheaper. 4. 4. Peer group – now this is one factor that does not affect buying as much as it affects buying behavior. Confused? Well, what I meant to say is, we buy a product when we need it, but sometimes, especially when we are buying that particular product for the first time, we need some help with what brand shall we choose. And this is where our peer group comes into picture. It helps us choose a brand when we need a product, but does not tell us when we need that product. Advertising, it can be said, has a similar effect on our purchasing habits as our peer group does. Nobody jumps in to say â€Å"I need that thing† just because the ad that had just been aired on TV is extremely attractive, but yes, sometimes, we may say â€Å"let’s try this brand, the ad on TV looks good. † [The article has been contributed by Jayita Das. A NIFT Mumbai alumnus, she is also a very creative person in her own way. Following her graduation, she worked as merchandiser in the niche segment of Industrial wears. In her spare time she loves reading on topics related to art and motivation which are always close to her heart. She also writes her own blog at Fashion Concepts and you & Love,life,and something else. ]